A comprehensive Global Trends benchmark provides key insights on current practices in each of 14 jurisdictions around the world on:

• data localization requirements;
• cross-border personal data transfers, including across specified sectors; and
• the main regulatory requirements applicable to data centres and cloud service providers.

Published on 22 October 2025, the research covers Australia, Brazil, China, the EU, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, Thailand, the UK and the US.

According to the research, eight of the covered jurisdictions mandate that at least some types of personal data be stored locally.

In most jurisdictions there are also specific rules on cross-border data transfers for the banking/finance and/or health sectors.

Only one of the monitored jurisdictions has specific licensing requirements for data centres and cloud service providers.

However, data centres in other jurisdictions may need to register with one or more national authorities.

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